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Objective:To compare the differences in radiation dose and image quality between cone-beam CT (CBCT) and multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) applied to atlantoaxial spine imaging.Methods:Head and neck phantom was scanned at 30 exposure parameter combinations using Pramerica CBCT scanner and 15 parameter combinations using Toshiba 320-row MSCT. The effective dose ( E) of CBCT was calculated based on the Monte Carlo dose estimation software PCXMC, the E value of MSCT was obtained by multiplying the dose length product (DLP) by the related factor. t-test for two independent samples or Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for comparison of radiation dose and subjective and objective image quality between two modalities. The subjective evaluation was a 5-point subjective scale using double-blind method for edge sharpness, contrast, soft tissue level, and artifacts of the images. The signal and noise in the region of interest (ROI) were measured and the contrast signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated. Results:For radiation dose, the volumetric dose index and E values of 2.9 mGy and 27.61 μSv for CBCT were lower than those of 8.8 mGy and 433.16 μSv for MSCT, and the differences were statistically significant( z=-3.05, -5.25, P<0.05). For objective evaluation of image quality, the noise and CNR were 27.74 HU and 3.69 in CBCT group, 7.84 HU and 27.1 in MSCT group. The difference between them were statistically significant( z=-5.39, -5.42, P<0.05). The overall image quality, contrast and artifact scores of the CBCT group were 3.5, 3.0 and 5 were higher than those of the MSCT group at 2.0, 2.0, and 4.0, respectively ( z=-2.32, -2.46, -3.31, P<0.05). Conclusions:Both atlantoaxial CBCT and MSCT scans provide image quality that meets diagnostic requirements. Compared to MSCT, CBCT atlantoaxial scans can effectively reduce radiation dose according to the principle of optimization of radiation protection.
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Objective@#To explore the relationship between handgrip strength (HGS) and pulmonary function (PF) in college students with sedentary lifestyle, so as to provide a reference for taking HGS as an essential factor of PF.@*Methods@#In March 1-5, 2023, a total of 44 college students were recruited and were divided into the sedentary group (22) and exercise group (22) according to the International Physical Activity Questionaire (IPAQ), with 22 students in each group. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the indexes between groups, pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between HGS and PF. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the predictive model of PF.@*Results@#There were statistical significance of the correlations between HGS and FVC, MEP, PEF, FEV1, FIVC, MIP, and PIF ( r=0.79, 0.47, 0.44, 0.60, 0.72, 0.53 , 0.49, P <0.01). When gender, physical activity, age, height, weight, and HGS were included as predictors in the regression model, height and HGS had significant effects on FVC ( R 2=0.75, F= 60.55 , P <0.01), weight and HGS had a good predictive effect on FIVC ( R 2=0.67, F=41.77, P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#HGS is significantly associated with PF in college students with sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, HGS can be used as an important indicator to predict the PF status of habitual sedentary college students.
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Objective To observe the effect of calcified lymph nodes on video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with lung cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the COPD patients with lung cancer who underwent VATS lobectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from May 2014 to May 2018.The patients were assigned into a calcified lymph node group and a control group according to the presence or absence of calcified lymph nodes in CT,and the size,morphology,and calcification degree of the lymph nodes were recorded.The operation duration,intraoperative blood loss,chest tube retention time,hospitalization days,and overall complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The 30 patients in the calcified lymph node group included 17 patients with one calcified lymph node and 13 patients with two or more calcified lymph nodes,and a total of 65 calcified lymph nodes were recorded.The calcified lymph nodes with the size ≤5 mm were the most common (53.8%),and complete calcification was the most common form (55.4%) in lymph node calcification.The mean operation duration had no significant difference between the calcified lymph node group and the control group (t=-1.357,P=0.180).The intraoperative blood loss (t=-2.646,P=0.010),chest tube retention time (t=-2.302,P=0.025),and hospitalization days (t=-2.274,P=0.027) in the calcified lymph node group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusion Calcified lymph nodes increase the difficulty and risk of VATS lobectomy in the COPD patients with lung cancer.The findings of this study are conducive to predicting the perioperative process of VATS lobectomy.
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Humanos , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Calcinose , LinfonodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2) to lymphoma Raji cells and its mechanism.@*METHODS@#Different concentrations of 2-ME2 were used to treat lymphoma Raji cells. CCK8 method was used to detect the effect of 2-ME2 to proliferation of Raji cells. Flow cytometry FITC/PI double labeling method was used to detect early apoptosis of the cells. Western blotting was used to detect the effect of 2-ME2 to the expression of BCL-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and C-myc proteins in Raji cells.@*RESULTS@#2-ME2 significantly inhibited the proliferation of Raji cells. The inhibition rate increased with the increasing of drug concentration, and increased significantly with the prolongation of drug treatment time (r=0.9215). Flow cytometry FITC/PI double staining showed that the apoptotic rate of 2.5 μmol/L 2-ME2 treatment group was (33.79±1.63) %, while the apoptosis rate of the 48 h group was (51.90±2.72) %, and that of the control group was (7.08±0.36) %. After treated with 2.5 μmol/L 2-ME2 for 12 h, the expression of Bax protein was up-regulated, BCL-2 protein was down-regulated, caspase-3 protein expression was up-regulated, and C-myc protein expression was down-regulated, all of them showed a time-dependent relationship.@*CONCLUSION@#2-ME2 shows obvious inhibitory effect on lymphoma Raji cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Its mechanism of treatment on lymphoma Raji cells may be related to up-regulation of Bax/BCL-2 ratio and activation of Caspase-3 to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Down-regulation of C-myc protein expression also participates in the apoptotic process.
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Humanos , 2-Metoxiestradiol , Apoptose , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Linfoma , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Regulação para Cima , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2RESUMO
Objective To investigate the characteristics of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging.Methods From July 2010 to April 2019,18F-FDG PET/CT images of 27 patients (10 males,17 females,median age 31 (19-57) years)with pathologically confirmed PMBL from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The location,shape,density,presence of necrosis and calcification,and invasion around or beyond the lesions were observed.The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax),metabolictumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured by automatic segmentation algorithm method.Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between SUVmax or MTV or TLG and the maximum diameter or Ann Arbor staging.Results The lesions appeared as anterior mediastinal huge masses in 27 patients,and grew in the anterior mediastinal cross-regionally in 25 patients,lobulated at the edge in 24 patients.Low-density necrosis lesions were found in 18 patients.The lesions were surrounded by large blood vessels in 15 patients and tracheae were compressed in 12 patients.Lung tissues were invaded in 3 patients,abdominal lymph nodes and bone marrow were invaded in 1 patient,and no splenomegaly was found in 27 patients.The maximum diameter,SUVmax,MTV and TLG were (11.6±3.7) cm,21.07(15.78,25.09),190.43 (130.14,350.75) cm3 and 2165.54 (1465.86,4185.21) g,respectively.There was no correlation between SUVmax and the maximum diameter of lesions (rs =-0.305,P =0.122),while MTV and TLG were positively correlated with the maximum diameter (rs values:0.741,0.532,both P＜0.05).The maximum diameter,MTV and TLG were positively correlated with Ann Arbor staging (rs values:0.394,0.413,0.422,all P＜0.05),while SUVmax was not (rs=0.031,P＞0.05).Conclusions PMBL mostly presents as large anterior mediastinal mass with the high 18F-FDG uptake in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging,and the focal necrosis is common,while abdominal lymph nodes,spleen and bone marrow invasion are rare.MTV and TLG of lesions positively correlate with Ann Arbor staging.
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2019 Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) destroys angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and breaks the balance of renin-angiotension system (RAS) by interacting with ACE2. The imbalance of RAS takes part in the development of organ injury of different systems through pro-inflammation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation and so on. 2019-nCoV not only attacks the lung, but also influences many other systems. It is speculated that RAS imbalance plays an important role in the development of multi-organ dysfunction caused by 2019-nCoV, and the usage of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) may become a new treatment of 2019-nCoV-related organ injury. Further studies are need to confirm the relationship between coronavirus infection, multi-organ injury and RAS imbalance.
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In general, the volume of a parathyroid adenoma is small and rarely causes local symptoms of compression. This case of huge parathyroid adenoma presents with dyspnea as the chief complaint and does not have a series of symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, which deserves our attention.
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Objective@#To investigate the characteristics of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging.@*Methods@#From July 2010 to April 2019, 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 27 patients (10 males, 17 females, median age 31 (19-57) years) with pathologically confirmed PMBL from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The location, shape, density, presence of necrosis and calcification, and invasion around or beyond the lesions were observed. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured by automatic segmentation algorithm method. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between SUVmax or MTV or TLG and the maximum diameter or Ann Arbor staging.@*Results@#The lesions appeared as anterior mediastinal huge masses in 27 patients, and grew in the anterior mediastinal cross-regionally in 25 patients, lobulated at the edge in 24 patients. Low-density necrosis lesions were found in 18 patients. The lesions were surrounded by large blood vessels in 15 patients and tracheae were compressed in 12 patients. Lung tissues were invaded in 3 patients, abdominal lymph nodes and bone marrow were invaded in 1 patient, and no splenomegaly was found in 27 patients. The maximum diameter, SUVmax, MTV and TLG were (11.6±3.7) cm, 21.07 (15.78, 25.09), 190.43 (130.14, 350.75) cm3 and 2 165.54 (1 465.86, 4 185.21) g, respectively. There was no correlation between SUVmax and the maximum diameter of lesions (rs=-0.305, P=0.122), while MTV and TLG were positively correlated with the maximum diameter (rs values: 0.741, 0.532, both P<0.05). The maximum diameter, MTV and TLG were positively correlated with Ann Arbor staging (rs values: 0.394, 0.413, 0.422, all P<0.05), while SUVmax was not (rs=0.031, P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#PMBL mostly presents as large anterior mediastinal mass with the high 18F-FDG uptake in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, and the focal necrosis is common, while abdominal lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow invasion are rare. MTV and TLG of lesions positively correlate with Ann Arbor staging.
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PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate correlations between uridine glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) -161 single nucleotide polymorphism C to T (C>T) and the occurrence of cardiotoxicity in Chinese breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing epirubicin/cyclophosphamide-docetaxel (EC-D) adjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 427 BC patients who had underwent surgery were consecutively enrolled in this prospective cohort study. All patients were scheduled to receive EC-D adjuvant chemotherapy regimen, and they were divided into UGT2B7 -161 CC (n=141), UGT2B7 -161 CT (n=196), and UGT2B7 -161 TT (n=90) groups according to their genotypes. Polymerase chain reaction was performed for determination of UGT2B7 -161 genotypes. Cardiotoxicity was defined as an absolute decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of at least 10% points from baseline to a value less than 53%, heart failure, acute coronary artery syndrome, or fatal arrhythmia. RESULTS: LVEF values were lower at cycle (C) 4, C8, 3 months after chemotherapy (M3), M6, M9, and M12 compared to C0 (all p < 0.001), in BC patients undergoing EC-D adjuvant chemotherapy. Cardiotoxicity was recorded for 4.2% of the overall population and was lowest in the UGT2B7 -161 TT group (1.1%), compared to UGT2B7 -161 CT (3.1%) and UGT2B7 -161 CC (7.8%) group (p=0.026). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that UGT2B7 -161 T allele could independently predict a low occurrence of cardiotoxicity in BC patients undergoing EC-D adjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: A UGT2B7 -161 T allele serves as a potential biomarker for predicting a low occurrence of cardiotoxicity in BC patients undergoing EC-D adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Humanos , Alelos , Arritmias Cardíacas , Povo Asiático , Neoplasias da Mama , Mama , Cardiotoxicidade , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Estudos de Coortes , Vasos Coronários , Tratamento Farmacológico , Genótipo , Glucuronosiltransferase , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Modelos Logísticos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Estudos Prospectivos , Volume Sistólico , UridinaRESUMO
Objective To investigate the prognostic value of metabolic parameters calculated from pretreatment 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/ CT images in patients with extranodal natural killer/ T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ. Methods From August 2010 to April 2018, 67 patients with ENKTL of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ disease (47 males, 20 females; median age 57 years) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were enrolled, and the clinic data and pretreatment 18 F-FDG PET/ CT imaging data were retrospectively analyzed. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of tumor tissue were calculated from PET/ CT images with the threshold value of 40％ of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax ). The optimal cut-off values of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of SUVmax , MTV and TLG were investigated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model were used for data analy-sis. Results SUVmax , MTV and TLG of 67 patients were 12.32(8.65, 16.96), 13.13(7.37, 22.74) ml, 92.17(46.54, 198.46), respectively. ROC curve analysis showed that the cut-off values of SUVmax , MTV and TLG were 13.09, 18.05 ml and 152.81, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that B symptoms, lac-tate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, β2-microglobulin, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, Korean prognostic index (KPI), SUVmax , MTV, TLG and treatment mode (chemotherapy or chemoradio-therapy) were relative factors affecting PFS (χ2: 5.466-27.163, all P<0.05). B symptoms, LDH level,β2-microglobulin, EB virus (EBV)-DNA, extra-cavitary extension, ECOG score, KPI, MTV, TLG and treatment mode were relative factors affecting OS (χ2: 4.022-34.774, all P<0.05). SUVmax was not the in-fluencing factor of OS(χ2 = 2.766, P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG score, MTV and TLG were independent prognostic predictors of PFS (relative ratio (RR): 5.107- 6.802, all P< 0.05), and ECOG score, MTV, TLG and treatment mode were independent prognostic predictors of OS (RR: 0.221-9. 106, all P<0.05). Conclusions MTV and TLG from pretreatment 18 F-FDG PET/ CT images are inde-pendent prognostic factors for PFS and OS in patients with ENKTL of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ. MTV and TLG may be more useful than SUVmax for prognosis.
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Objective@#To explore the imaging manifestation and clinical characteristics of primary salivary gland-type lung cancer using 18F-fluorodeoxy glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET-CT).@*Methods@#From March 2009 to January 2017, 12 patients with pathologically confirmed primary salivary gland-type lung cancer were enrolled in First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Their images and clinicopathological data were retrospectively analyzed.@*Results@#Six out of 12 patients had mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), and the other six patients had adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Five MEC were located in the main bronchus, and the other one was in segmental bronchus. Intrabronchial nodule or mass with smooth or lobulated margin and calcification(n=3) was the main 18F-FDG PET-CT features of MEC. Two ACC involved trachea, two involved the main bronchi, and the other two involved lobular bronchi. The main 18F-FDG PET-CT features of ACC were diffuse or circumferential irregular thickness of the bronchial wall, distorted lumen, and the longitudinal extent of the tumor was greater than its transverse axis. The 18F-FDG uptake of all lesions was increased in varying degree. The median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) value of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were 5.1(3.1, 8.1), 5.7(1.2, 21.4)cm3 and 18.6(0.6, 93.7), respectively. All of them were related to pathological grading and nodal tumor involvement( all P<0.05), but not associated with tumor location or pathological type( all P>0.05). MTV and TLG were also related to clinical stage( all P<0.05). Tumor size was correlated with MTV, TLG of primary lesions(r=0.607, P=0.036; r=0.579, P=0.049), but not with SUVmax(r=0.568, P=0.054).@*Conclusions@#Primary salivary gland-type lung cancer mainly occurs in segmental bronchus. The MTV and TLG of the tumor calculated by 18F-FDG PET-CT are correlated with clinicopathological characteristics, and are helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Objective@#To investigate the prognostic value of metabolic parameters calculated from pretreatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT images in patients with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ.@*Methods@#From August 2010 to April 2018, 67 patients with ENKTL of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ disease (47 males, 20 females; median age 57 years) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were enrolled, and the clinic data and pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging data were retrospectively analyzed. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of tumor tissue were calculated from PET/CT images with the threshold value of 40% of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). The optimal cut-off values of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were investigated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model were used for data analysis.@*Results@#SUVmax, MTV and TLG of 67 patients were 12.32(8.65, 16.96), 13.13(7.37, 22.74) ml, 92.17(46.54, 198.46), respectively. ROC curve analysis showed that the cut-off values of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were 13.09, 18.05 ml and 152.81, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that B symptoms, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, β2-microglobulin, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, Korean prognostic index (KPI), SUVmax, MTV, TLG and treatment mode (chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy) were relative factors affecting PFS (χ2: 5.466-27.163, all P<0.05). B symptoms, LDH level, β2-microglobulin, EB virus (EBV)-DNA, extra-cavitary extension, ECOG score, KPI, MTV, TLG and treatment mode were relative factors affecting OS (χ2: 4.022-34.774, all P<0.05). SUVmax was not the influencing factor of OS(χ2=2.766, P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that ECOG score, MTV and TLG were independent prognostic predictors of PFS (relative ratio (RR): 5.107-6.802, all P<0.05), and ECOG score, MTV, TLG and treatment mode were independent prognostic predictors of OS (RR: 0.221-9.106, all P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#MTV and TLG from pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT images are independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS in patients with ENKTL of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ. MTV and TLG may be more useful than SUVmax for prognosis.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and visceral adipose tissue in non-obese Chinese adults using computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 454 subjects undergoing abdominal CT scan. Degree of CT attenuation in liver and spleen, and the degree of fat infiltration in liver were evaluated according to three indices: the attenuation value of liver parenchyma (CTLP), the attenuation ratio of liver and spleen (LSratio) and the attenuation difference between liver and spleen (LSdif). Visceral fat area (VFA) and total fat area (TFA) at L2/3 and L4/5 levels were measured, and the abdominal subcutaneous fat area (SFA) was calculated. Bivariate correlation analysis was carried out to determine the correlation among these factors. RESULTS: In men, VFA, SFA and TFA at L2/3 and L4/5 levels showed significant differences in terms of the three indices to distinguish fatty liver from non-fatty liver (all, p < 0.001). In men, all the three indices showed negative correlation with TFA, SFA and VFA (all, p < 0.001). The negative correlation between the three indices and VFA at the L2/3 level was higher than at L4/5 level (r = −0.476 vs. r = −0.340 for CTLP, r = −0.502 vs. r = −0.413 for LSratio, r = −0.543 vs. r = −0.422 for LSdif, p < 0.001, respectively). The negative correlation between LSratio, LSdif and VFA at L2/3 and L4/5 levels was higher than SFA at the corresponding level. In women, all the three indices showed negative correlation with VFA and TFA at L2/3 and L4/5 levels, and the negative correlation between CTLP and VFA was higher at L2/3 level than at L4/5 level (r = −0.294 vs. r = −0.254, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In non-obese Chinese adults, the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration showed a strong correlation with abdominal fat on CT. VFA at L2/3 level was more closely related to fatty liver compared with VFA at L4/5 level.
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Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gordura Abdominal , Povo Asiático , Fígado Gorduroso , Gordura Intra-Abdominal , Fígado , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Baço , Gordura Subcutânea Abdominal , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Objective@#To investigate the prognostic value of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured by pretreatment 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).@*Methods@#Clinical data of 72 DLBCL patients with stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ disease undergoing a pretreatment PET-CT scan were retrospectively analyzed. SUVmax, MTV and TLG values of whole-body tumor were calculated from PET-CT images with a threshold of SUVmax 40% of tumor tissues. The optimal cutoff lines of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were obtained by ROC curve analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used to perform univariate survival analysis, while Cox proportional hazards model was done for multivariate analysis.@*Results@#The SUVmax, MTV and TLG of 72 patients were 21.64, 139.48 cm3 and 1 413.77, respectively. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were 0.411 (95%CI=0.279~0.544, P=0.195), 0.688 (95%CI=0.566~0.811, P=0.006) and 0.526 (95%CI= 0.469~0.672, P=0.123), respectively. The median SUVmax (21.64) and TLG(1 413.77) were used as the cutoff lines due to smaller AUC. The cutoff point of MTV was 69.71 cm3. For DLBCL patients of stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ disease, univariate analysis showed that SUVmax and TLG were not associated with the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (P>0.05 for all). Multivariate analysis showed that National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) but not MTV was the independent prognostic predictor of PFS and OS (P<0.05 for all). And MTV was not the independent prognostic factor of PFS and OS for stage Ⅲ DLBCL (P>0.05 for all).@*Conclusions@#For DLBCL patients with stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ disease, the prognostic value of SUVmax, MTV and TLG before treatment initiation are undetermined, and these indices cannot be used to predict the prognosis.
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<p><b>Background</b>The hedgehog signaling system (HHS) plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation during the embryonic phases. However, little is known about the involvement of HHS in the malignant transformation of cells. This study aimed to detect the role of HHS in the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells.</p><p><b>Methods</b>In this study, two microfluidic chips were designed to investigate cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced malignant transformation of cells. Chip A contained a concentration gradient generator, while chip B had four cell chambers with a central channel. The 16HBE cells cultured in chip A were used to determine the optimal concentration of CSE for inducing malignant transformation. The 16HBE cells in chip B were cultured with 12.25% CSE (Group A), 12.25% CSE + 5 μmol/L cyclopamine (Group B), or normal complete medium as control for 8 months (Group C), to establish the in vitro lung inflammatory-cancer transformation model. The transformed cells were inoculated into 20 nude mice as cells alone (Group 1) or cells with cyclopamine (Group 2) for tumorigenesis testing. Expression of HHS proteins was detected by Western blot. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The t-test was used for paired samples, and the difference among groups was analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance.</p><p><b>Results</b>The optimal concentration of CSE was 12.25%. Expression of HHS proteins increased during the process of malignant transformation (Group B vs. Group A, F = 7.65, P < 0.05). After CSE exposure for 8 months, there were significant changes in cellular morphology, which allowed the transformed cells to grow into tumors in 40 days after being inoculated into nude mice. Cyclopamine could effectively depress the expression of HHS proteins (Group C vs. Group B, F = 6.47, P < 0.05) and prevent tumor growth in nude mice (Group 2 vs. Group 1, t = 31.59, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>The activity of HHS is upregulated during the CSE-induced malignant transformation of 16HBE cells. Cyclopamine can effectively depress expression of HHS proteins in vitro and prevent tumor growth of the transformed cells in vivo.</p>
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Animais , Camundongos , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Genética , Metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Genética , Fisiologia , Proteínas Hedgehog , Genética , Metabolismo , Dispositivos Lab-On-A-Chip , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Microfluídica , Transdução de Sinais , Genética , Fisiologia , Fumaça , FumarRESUMO
Diabetic kidney disease DKD) is one of the major causes for end-stage renal disease (ESRD),which has been the focus of both clinical and basic research.Sodium-glucose cotransport 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new type of anti-diabetic drugs,which also showed reno-proteetive effects.The potential mechanisms include decreasing plasma glucose,improving glomerular hyperfiltration,reducing oxidative stress,alleviating tubulointerstitial injury,suppressing inflammation and fibrosis,decreasing the level of uric acid,and etc.This review focuses on the advance in the mechanism of protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitor on DKD.
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Objective To validate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on PET/CT and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) expression to predict the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)mutations in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods From May 2012 to May 2016,a total of 137 lung adenocarcinoma patients (89 males,48 females,age range 33-84 years) pathologically proved were reviewed retrospectively.EGFR mutation testing,TTF-1 expression and PET/CT scan were performed for all patients.x2test was used to assess the differences of EGFR mutation in different groups.Two-sample t test was used to compare the differences of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) between EGFR mutation type and EGFR wild type,TTF-1 positive and negative expression.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test the univariate models that yielded the best predictors of EGFR mutation receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to quantify the predictive value of those factors.Results EGFR mutation was identified in 53 patients,including 2 cases in exon 18,19 cases in exon 19,3 cases in exon 20 and 29 cases in exon 21.The high risk factors of EGFR mutation were female (x2=7.465,P=0.006),non-smoking (x2=7.193,P=0.007) and positive expression of TTF-1 (x2=9.104,P＜0.05).The SUVmax of EGFR mutation type was significantly lower than that of EGFR wild type (8.76±4.59 and 11.20±5.09;t =2.832,P =0.005).Multivariate analysis showed that the lower SUVmax (SUVmax ＜8.65) and positive expression of TTF-1 were the independent risk factors for EGFR mutation (P=0.032,P=0.018).The combined use of SUVmax and TrF-1 yielded a higher area under the ROC curve (area under curve=0.697),suggesting a good discrimination.Conclusion The combined evaluation of 18F-FDG uptake and expression of TTF-1 may be helpful in predicting EGFR mutation status in patients with lung adenocarcinoma,especially when the genetic testing is not available,and can provide meaningful clues for clinical treatment.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study whether chlorambucil has apoptotic effect on the B cell lymphoma A20 cells and its exact mechanisms in apoptotic signaling pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The experimental cells were treated with 20 μmol/L chlorambucil, the control cells were treated with PBS. Annexin V-FITC Cell Apoptosis Detection Kit was used to examine cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of active caspase-3, Survivin, NF-B and pAKT. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was performed to examine the mRNA expression of Survivin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the proportion of FITC/PI apoptotic cells and the expression of active caspase-3 (t=7.384, P=0.000) in the chlorambucil treatment group was significantly elevated. However, the expression of Survivin mRNA (t=4.384, P=0.000), protein expressions of survivin (t=12.360, P=0.000), NF-B (t=5.462, P=0.000) and pAKT (t=7.183, P=0.000) in the chlorambucil-treated group all significantly decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The chlorambucil can induce the apoptosis of lymphoma cells, its mechanism may related with inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and expression of NF-B and survivin.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with variant Ph chromosome-positive leukemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The defection of morphology, cytogenetics, immunology and molecular biology was performed in 4 cares of variant Ph chromosome-positive leukemia, and the therepeuitics outcome of 4 patients was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 4 cases of variant Ph+ leukemia, 3 cases were patients with CML, including 1 case in chronic phase and 2 cases in accelerated phase; and 1 cases was patient with adult B acute lymphoblasric leukemia(B-ALL).The defecfion of cytogenetics in 4 cases showed that 2 cases of CML displayed t(9; 22; 14) abnormality, 1 case of CML displayed t(5; 9; 22) abnormality, moreover, the BCR/ABL fution gane in 3 cases of CML all was e14a2 type, 1 cases of adult B-ALL disylayed t(9; 22; 17) abnormatlity, BCR/ABL fution gene of this case was e13a3 type, 4 patients all received treatment wire chemotherapeptic regimen contaiming methanesulfanate imatinib. As a result, 1 cases of adult B-ALL with e13a3 type BCR/ABL fusion gene positive relapsed after molecular biology remission for 4 months and died in the 10th month; and yet 3 cases of CML are still in molecular biology remission, the disease-free survival time of these 3 cases was 10, 19 and 27 months respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The patients with variant Ph chromosome-positive leukemia will response to the first generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but the prognosis of patients with e13a3 type of BCR/ABL fusion gene remains to be further explored.</p>
Assuntos
Humanos , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl , Mesilato de Imatinib , Leucemia , Cromossomo Filadélfia , PrognósticoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of parhents with EBV infection conbined with hemophagocytic syndrome and Hodgkin's lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The morphotogy of bone marrow cells was observed by bone marrow smear and light microscopy, the pathologic changes of bone marrow ware analyzed by bone marrow biopsy and immunohistochemistry methord, the pathologic changes of lymphonudes ware detected by immunohistochemical methord, the paticnts were treated with ABVD （epirubicin, bleomycin, vincristine and dacarbazine） chemotherapeutic regimen.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fever complicatid with pancytopenia, obvious increase of ferritin and sCD25, hypofibrinogenemia, hemophogocytic phenomen of bone marrow, increase of EBV-DNA copy number ware observed, which all accorded with the criteria EBV righted hemophagocytic syndrome. The curative efficacy of amtiinfective treatmatnt was poor, After treatment with HLH-2004 regimen, the fever symptome and the laboratory indicaters such as whole blood cells, ferritin and fibrinogen all were recovered to normal levels. Left mandibular lymphadenctasis was confirmed as Hodgkin's lymphoma （mixed cell type） by pathological examination. The patient achieved complete molecular remission after 1 course chemotherapy with ABVD regimen. The level of EBV-DNA copy number were also decreased. As the reshlt, the patient's hemophagocytic syndrome had bean effectively controlled, and the Hodgkin's lymphoma is still in complete remission.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Epstein-Barr virus-ratated hemophagocytic syndrome and Hodgkin's lymphoma are rare, and their long-term prognosis needs to be further explored.</p>